Bibliography: "FORGOTTEN FOUNDERS, Benjamin Franklin, the Iroquois and the Rationale for the American Revolution," By Bruce E. Johansen

A Note on the Bibliography

          With a view to rendering some assistance to the interested reader, this bibliography has been divided into five sections: sources concerned with the subject as a whole, those more specifically concerned with the Iroquois culture, two sections concerned respectively with sources reflecting Franklin's and Jefferson's contact with the Indians, and a final section of sources useful, chiefly, in the writing of the afterword.
          These sections are further subdivided into primary and secondary sources and into published and unpublished material.
          For the benefit of readers who wish to know if a certain author has been consulted, a separate index of authors' names will be found at the end of the bibliography.

General Background

FINDING AIDS

Freeman, John F. A Guide to Manuscripts Relating to the American Indian in the Library of the American Philosophical Society. Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society, 1965.
Museum of the American Indian (Heye Foundation) New York City. "Indian Notes and Monographs, No. 49." New York: Museum of the American Indian, 1957.
Museum of the American Indian (Heye Foundation) New York City. List of Publications of the Museum of the American Indian. 9th ed. New York: Museum of the American Indian, 1957.

SECONDARY SOURCES

Articles and Other Short Monographs

_______. "Our Indian Heritage." Life, July 2, 1971.
Ackernecht Edwin H. "White Indians." Bulletin of the History of Medicine 15(1944):8-26.
Brandon, William. "American Indians and American History." American West, Spring 1965, pp. 14-26.
Cohen, Felix. "Americanizing the White Man." American Scholar 21:2(1952):177-191.
Cook, S.F. "Demographic Consequences of European Contact With Primitive Peoples." Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Sciences 237(1945):107-111.
Edwards, Everett E. "The Contributions of American Indians to Civilization." Minnesota History 15:3(1934):255-272.
Ewers, John C. "When Red and White Men Meet." Western Historical Quarterly 2:2(1971):133-150.
Fenton, William N. "Contacts Between Iroquois Herbalism and Colonial Medicine." Smithsonian Institution Report. [1941]. Washington, DC. Government Printing Office, 1941.
Fife, Austin E. "The Pseudo-Indian Folksongs of the Anglo-American and French Canadian." Journal of American Folklore 67(1954).
Frachtenberg, Leo J. "Our Indebtedness to the American Indian." Wisconsin Archeologist 14: 2(1915):64-69.
Gibson, A.M. "Sources for Research on the American Indian." Ethnohistory 7:2(1962):121-136.
Hallowell, A. Irving. "The Backwash of the Frontier: The Impact of the Indian on American Culture." Edited by Walker D. Wyman and Clifton B. Kroeber. The Frontier in Perspective. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press 1957
_______. "The Impact of the American Indian on American Culture." American Anthropologist. New Series 59:2(1957):201-207.
Hayes, Carlton J.H. "The American Frontier -- Frontier of What?" American Historical Review 51:1(1946):199-216.
Hofstadter, Richard. "Turner and the Frontier Myth." American Scholar 18:3(1949):433-443.
Kramer, Lucy M. "Indian Contributions to American Culture." Indians Yesterday and Today. Washington, D.C.: United States Department of Interior, (1941).
Larrabee, Edward M. "Recurrent Themes and Sequences in North American Indian-European Culture Contact." American Philosophical Transactions Society 66:7(1976).
Miller, Walter B. "Two Concepts of Authority." American Anthropologist. New Series 62:2(1955):271-289.
Morey, Sylvester M. "American Indians and Our Way of Life." Myron Proceedings Institute: Adelphi College 13(1961):4-28.
Safford, William E. "Our Heritage from the American Indians." Smithsonian Institution Annual Report. [1926]. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1927.
Stirling, Matthew W. "America's First Settlers: The Indians." National Geographic, November 1937, p. 535.
Wall, Stewart L. "Indians: First Americans, First Ecologists." The American Way, May 1971, pp. 8-12.
Books and Longer Monographs

Armstrong, Virginia. I Have Spoken: American History Through the Eyes of American Indians. Chicago: Swallow Press, 1971.
Berkhofer, Robert F. The White Man's Indian: Images of the American Indian From Columbus to the Present. New York: Alfred A. Knopf 1977.
Bohannan, Paul and Fred Plog, eds. Beyond the Frontier: Social Process and Cultural Change. New York: American Museum of Natural History, 1967.
Carter, E. Russell. The Gift is Rich. New York: Friendship Press, 1955.
Chamberlin, J.E. The Harrowing of Eden: White Attitudes Toward Native Americans. New York: Seabury Press, 1975
Cohen, Lucy Kramer, ed. The Legal Conscience: Selected Papers of Felix S. Cohen. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1960.
Cohen, Morris R. and Cohen, Felix S. Readings in Jurisprudence and Legal Philosophy. Boston: Little Brown and Co., 1951.
Crosby, Alfred W. The Columbian Exchange: Biological and Cultural Consequences of 1492. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 1972.
Forbes, Jack. The Indian in America's Past. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1964.
Gillespie, James E. The Influence of Overseas Expansion on England to 1700. New York: Longmans, Green & Co., 1920.
Hanke, Lewis. Aristotle and the American Indian: A Study in Race Prejudice in the Modern World [1950]. Bloomington; Indiana University Press, 1975.
James, George W. What the White Race May Learn from the Indian. Chicago: Forbes & Co., 1908.
Johansen, Bruce E. and Roberto Maestas. Wasi'chu: The Continuing Indian Wars. New York: Monthly Review Press, 1979.
Kramer, Frank R. Voices in the Valley. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1964.
Lips, Julian. The Savage Hits Back. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1937.
Locke Alain and Bernhard J. Stern, eds. When Peoples Meet: A Study in Race and Culture contacts. New York: Hinds, Hayden and Eldredge, 1946.
Pruca, Francis Paul. American Indian Policy in the Formative Years. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1962.
Quimby, George Irving. Indian Culture and European Trade Goods: The Archeology of the Historic Period in the Western Great Lakes Region. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1966.
Readers Digest. "Our Fascinating Indian Heritage." Pleasantville, N.Y.: Readers Digest Association, 1979.
Saum, Lewis 0. The Fur Trader and the Indian. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1965.
Sheehan, Bernhard. Seeds of Extinction. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1973.
Vogel, Virgil J. This Country Was Ours. New York: Harper & Row, 1972.
_______. The Indian in American History. Chicago: Integrated Education Associates, 1968.
Wilson, Edmund. Apologies to the Iroquois. New York: Farrar, Straus & Cudahy, 1960.
Wright, Lewis B. Culture on the Moving Frontier. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1955.
Yawser, Rose N. The Indian and the Pioneer: An Historical Perspective. Syracuse, N.Y.: C.W. Bardeen, 1893.
Zolla, Elemire. The Writer and the Shaman: A Morphology of the American Indian. New York: Harcourt, Brace, Jovanovich, 1973.

The Iroquois and Early Colonial Contact

FINDING AIDS

Brown, Jessie Louise P. A Bibliography of the Iroquois Indians. M.A. thesis, Columbia University, 1903.
Dockstader, Frederick J. The American Indian in Graduate Studies: A Bibliography of Theses and Dissertations. New York: Museum of the American Indian, Heye Foundation, 1957.
Fenton, William N. "A Calendar of Manuscript Materials Relating to the History of the Six Nations or Iroquois in Depositories Outside Philadelphia 1750-1850." Proceedings. American Philosophical Society 97:5(1957):578-595.
Freeman, John F. A Guide to Manuscripts Relating to the American Indian in the Library of the American Philosophical Society. Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society, 1966.
Snyderman, George S. "A Preliminary Survey of American Indian Manuscripts in Repositories of the Philadelphia Area." Proceedings. American Philosophical Society 97:5(1957):596-610.

PRIMARY SOURCES

Published Primary Sources

_______. The Great Law of Peace of the Longhouse People. Rooseveltown, N.Y.: Akwesasne Notes and Mohawk Nation, 1977.
Bartram, John. A Journey from Pensilvania to Onondage in 1743. Barre, Mass.: Imprint Society, 1973.
_______. Travels in Pennsilvania and Canada [1751]. Ann Arbor, Mich.: University Microfilms, 1966.
Colden, Cadwallader. The History of the Five Indian Nations Depending on the Province of New York in America. [1727 and 1747]. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1958.
_______. The History of the Five Indian Nations of Canada. [1765]. New York: New Amsterdam Book Co., 1902.
_______. The Letters and Papers of Cadwallader Colden. Collections of the New York Historical Society. 1917-1923 and 1934-1935.
Cusick, David. Ancient History of the Six Nations. Lockport, N.Y.: Niagara County Historical Society 1824.
Fenton, William N., ed. Parker on the Iroquois. Syracuse, N.Y.: Syracuse University Press, 1968.
Heckewelder, John. History, Manners and Customs of the Indian Nations Who Once Inhabited Pennsylvania and the Neighboring States. [1819]. New York: Arno Press, 1971.
Johnston, Charles M., ed. The Valley of the Six Nations. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1964.
Leder, Lawrence H., ed. The Livingston Indian Records 1666-1725. Gettysburg Penn.: Pennsylvania Historical Association, 1956.
Morgan, Lewis Henry. League of the Ho-de-no-sau-nee or Iroquois. [1851]. New York: Dodd, Mead & Co., 1902.
_______. (Shenandoah). "Letters on the Iroquois." American Review (1847): February, pp. 8-18; March, pp. 242-256, May, pp. 447-461.
Proctor, Thomas. Narrative of a Journey of Col. Thomas Proctor to the Indians of the Northwest. In Pennsylvania Archives, Second Series, vol. 44:551-662.
Schoolcraft, Henry R. Algic Researches: Comprising Inquiries Respecting the Mental Characteristics of North American Indians. New York: Harper & Bros., 1859.
_______. The American Indians: Their History, Culture and Prospects. Buffalo N.Y.: Rochester, Wanzer & Co., 1851.
_______. Historical and Statistical Information Respecting the History, Conditions and Prospects of the Indians in the United States. 6 vols. Philadelphia: Lipppincott, Grambo, 1851-1857.
_______. Personal Memoirs of Thirty Years With the Indian Tribes on the American Frontiers . . . A.D. 1812 to A.D. 1842. Philadelphia: Lippincott, 1851.
_______. Notes on the Iroquois or Contributions to the Statistics, Aboriginal History, Antiquities and General Ethnology of Western New York. New York: Bartlett and Welford, 1846.
Smith, William, Jr. A History of the Province of New York. Edited by Michael Kammen. [2 vols.: 1751 and 1824]. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1972.
Snowden, James R. The Cornplanter Memorial: Published by Order of the Legislature of Pennsylvania. Harrisburg, Penn.: Singerly & Myers, State Printers, 1867.
Weiser, Conrad. Narrative of a Journey from Tulpehocken, in Pennsylvania, to Onondago, the Headquarters of the Six Nations of Indians . . . in 1737. Philadelphia: J. Pennington, 1853.
Unpublished Primary Sources

Fadden, Ray. Iroquois Past and Present in the State of New York. [ 1949]. Typescript, American Philosophical Society, Philadelphia.
Hewitt, J. N. B. "A Constitutional League of Peace in the Stone Age of America: The League of the Iroquois and its Constitution." [1918]. Washington, D.C.: National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution.
_______. "Constitution of the Iroquois League." No date. Washington, D.C.: National Anthropological Archives. Smithsonian Institution.
_______. "The Constitution of the Five Nations." [1916]. Washington, D.C.: National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution.
_______. "The Founding of the League of the Five Nations by Deganawidah." No Date. Washington, D.C.: National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution.
_______. "Status of Women in the Iroquois Polity Before 1784." [1933]. Washington, D.C.: National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution.
Newhouse, Seth. "Constitution of the Five Nations' Indian Confederation." [1880]. Washington, D.C.: National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution.
_______. Cosmology of De-ka-na-wi-da's Government. [1885]. Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society.
Parker, Arthur C. "The American Indian, the Government and the Country." [1915]. New York City Public Library.
Shea, J.G. "Sketch of the History of the Iroquois." [1896]. Washington, D.C.: National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution.

SECONDARY SOURCES

Published Primary Sources
ARTICLES AND OTHER SHORT MONOGRAPHS

Bauman, Robert F. "Claims vs. Realities: The Anglo-Iroquois Partnership." Northwest Ohio Quarterly 32:2(1960):87-101.
Beauchamp, William M. "Morovian Journals Relating to Central New York 1745-1766." Syracuse, N.Y.: Onondaga Historical Association, 1916.
Blau, Harold. "Historical Factors in Onondaga Iroquois Cultural Stability." Ethnohistory 12:2(1965):250-258.
Carse, Mary R. "The Mohawk Iroquois." Bulletin of the Archeological Society of Connecticut 23(1942):3-53.
Decker, George P. "Must the Peaceful Iroquois Go?" Rochester, N.Y.: Lewis H. Morgan Chapter, 1928.
Fenton, William N. "Collecting Materials for a Political History of the Six Nations." Proceedings American Philosophical Society 93:3(1949):233-238.
_______. "Seth Newhouse's Traditional History and Constitution of the Iroquois Confederacy." Proceedings American Philosophical Society 93:3(1949):141-158.
_______. "Locality as a Basic Factor in the Development of Iroquois Social Structure." Bulletin Bureau of American Ethnology 149(1952).
Hayes, Carlton J.H. "The American Frontier -- Frontier of What?" American Historical Review 51:2(1946):199-216.
Howard, Helen A. "Hiawatha -- Cofounder of an Indian United Nations." Journal of the West 10:3(1971):428-438.
Jacobs, Wilbur R. "Wampum: The Protocol of Indian Diplomacy." William and Mary Quarterly 3rd series 4:3(1949):596-604.
Morgan William T. "The Five Nations and Queen Anne." Mississippi Valley Historical Review 13(1927):169-189.
Root, Elihu. "The Iroquois and the Struggle for America: Address on the Tercentennial Celebration of the Discovery of Lake Champlain, Plattsburg, N.Y., July 7, 1909." Washington, D.C.: Sudwarth Printing Co., 1909.
Schlesinger, Arthur M. "Liberty Tree: A Genealogy." New England Quarterly 25(1952):435-458.
Sherman, Daniel. "The Six Nations: An Address Delivered Before the Chataqua Society, Jamestown, N.Y., January 29, 1855." New York: no publisher, 1855.
Speck, Frank G. "The Iroquois: A Study in Cultural Evolution." Bloomfield Hills, Mich.: Cranbrook Institute of Science, Bulletin 23, October, 1945.
Tooker, Elizabeth. "Northern Iroquian Sociopolitical Organization." American Anthropologist 72:1(1970):90-96.
Wallace, Paul A.W. "The Return of Hiawatha." New York State History 39(1948):385-403.
Wintemberg, William J. "Distinguishing Characteristics of Algonkin and Iroquoian Cultures." Canadian Department of Mines, National Museum of Canada Annual Report [1929], pp. 65-124.
Wroth, Lawrence C. "The Indian Treaty as Literature." Yale Review 7(1927-1928):749-766.
BOOKS AND LONGER MONOGRAPHS

_______. The History of Brant, Ontario . . . Early Settlers . . . History of the Six Nations. Toronto: Warner, Beers & Co., 1883.
_______. The Influence of the Iroquois on the History and Archeology of the Wyoming Valley, Pennsylvania and Adjacent Region. Wilkes-Barre, Penn.: Wyoming Historical and Geological Society, 1911.
Beauchamp, William M. A History of the New York Iroquois, Now Commonly Called the Six Nations. Port Washington, N.Y.: I.J. Friedman, 1962.
Blanchard, Rufus. The Iroquois Confederacy. Chicago: R. Blanchard, 1902.
Brodhead, John R. History of the State of New York. 2 vols. New York. Harper & Bros., 1871.
Carr, Lucien. The Social and Political Position of Women Among The Huron-Iroquois Tribes. Salem, Mass.: Salem Press, 1884.
Donohue, Thomas. The Iroquois and the Jesuits. Buffalo, N.Y.: Buffalo Catholic Publishing Co., 1895.
Fadden, Ray (Aren Akweks). The Formation of the Ho-de-no-sau-nee or League of the Five Nations. Hogansburg, N.Y.: Akwesasne Counsellor Organization, 1948.
Fenton, William N. Symposium on Local Diversity in Iroquois Culture. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1951.
Hale, Horatio E. The Iroquois Book of Rites. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1963.
Huntington, Ellsworth. The Red Man's Continent: A Chronicle of Aboriginal America. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1921.
Jennings, Francis. The Invasion of America: Indians, Colonialism and the Cant of Conquest. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1975.
Johnson, Anna C. The Iroquois, or the Bright Side of Indian Character. New York: D. Appleton & Co., 1855.
Kimm, Silas C. The Iroquois: A History of the Six Nations of New York. Middleburgh N.Y.: P.W. Danforth, 1900.
Klein, Milton, The Politics of Diversity: Essays in the History of Colonial New York. Port Washington, N.Y.: Kennikat Press, 1974.
Kriegal, Leonard. Edmund Wilson. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 1971.
Leder, Lawrence H. Robert Livingston 1654-1728 and the Politics of Colonial New York. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1961.
Marsden, Michael T. A Selected Annotated Edition of Henry Schoolcraft's Personal Memoirs of a Residence of Thirty Years With the Indian Tribes of North America. Bowling Green, Ohio: Bowling Green University, 1972.
Morgan, Edmund S. The Mirror of the Indian: An Exhibition of Books and Other Source Materials. Providence, R.I.: The Associates of the John Carter Brown Library, 1958.
Moultrop, Samuel P. Iroquois. Rochester, N.Y.: E. Hart, 1901.
Parker, Arthur C. An Analytical History of the Seneca Indians. Rochester, N.Y.: Lewis H. Morgan Chapter, 1926.
_______. The Life of General Ely S. Parker. Buffalo, N.Y.: Buffalo Historical Society Publications, 1905.
Pearce, Roy Harvey. The Savages of America: A Study of the Indian and the Idea of Civilization. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1965.
Reaman, G. Elmore. Trail of the Iroquois Indians: How the Iroquois Saved Canada for the British Empire. New York: Barnes & Noble, 1967.
Ritchie, William A. Indian History of New York State. Albany: New York State Museum, 1953.
Ruttenber, E.M. The History of the Indian Tribes of Hudson's River. [1872]. Port Washington, N.Y.: Kennikat Press, 1971.
Strickland, Edward D. Iroquois Past and Present. Buffalo: A.M.S. Press, 1901.
Trelease, Allen W. Indian Affairs in Colonial New York: The Seventeenth Century. [1960]. Port Washington, N.Y.: Kennikat Press, 1971.
Tooker, Elizabeth, ed. Iroquois Culture, History and Prehistory: Proceedings of a Conference on Iroquois Research, Glens Falls, N.Y., 1965. Albany: New York State Education Department, 1967.
Underhill, Ruth M. Red Man's Continent: A History of the Indians in the United States. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1953.
Vanderwerth, W. Indian Oratory. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1971.
Wallace, Paul A.W. Indians in Pennsylvania. Harrisburg, Penn.: The Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, 1961.
_______. The White Roots of Peace. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1946.
Wissler, Clark. Indians of the United States: Four Centuries of Their History and Culture. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1953.
Unpublished Secondary Sources
THESES AND DISSERTATIONS

Aquila, Richard. The Iroquois Restoration: A Study of Iroquois Power, Politics and Relations With Indians and Whites. Ph.D. dissertation, Ohio State University, 1961.
Bramson, Emily K. New York State and the Iroquois Indians. M.A. thesis, Columbia University, 1940.
Bridge, Beatrice M. The Influence of the Iroquois on the Development of New France. M.A. thesis, Saskatchewan University, 1938.
Clarke-Smith, Linda. Primitive Women: A Study of Women Among Tribes of Australia and the Iroquois Confederacy. M.A. thesis, Columbia University 1907.
Clingan, Dorothy E. The Iroquois Confederacy 1682-1690. M.A. thesis, Yale University, 1934.
Coogan, John E. The Eloquence of Our American Indians. Ph.D. dissertation St. Louis University, 1923.
Foley, Dennis. An Ethnographic Analysis of the Iroquois. Ph.D. dissertation, State University of New York at Albany, 1955.
Gerken, Walter D. The Relation of the Iroquois in the Struggle Between the French and the English in North America. M.A. thesis, Columbia University, 1902.
Jaffe, Herman J. The Iroquois Confederacy in the Wars of the Iroquois. M.A. thesis, Columbia University, 1961.
MacLeod, William C. The Origin of the State Reconsidered in the Light of the Data of Aboriginal North America. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Pennsylvania, 1924.
Newell, William B. Crime and Justice Among the Iroquois Indians. M.A. thesis University of Pennsylvania, 1934.
Noon, John A. The League of the Iroquois on Grand River: An Acculturation Study in Government and Law. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Pennsylvania, 1942.
Preska, Margaret R. Speech Communication in the Iroquois Confederacy. M.A. thesis, Pennsylvania State University 1961.
Reynolds, Wynn R. Persuasive Speaking of the Iroquois at Treaty Councils 1678-1776: A Study of Techniques as Evidenced in the Official Transcripts of the Interpreters' Translations. Ph.D. dissertation, Columbia University, 1957.
Richards, Cara E. The Role of Iroquois Women: A Study of the Onondaga Reservation. Ph.D. dissertation, Cornell University, 1957.
Walsh, Joseph. The Iroquois Confederacy: Unresolved Dilemma of American History. M.A. thesis, Columbia University, 1965.
Wardy, Ben Z. Iroquoian Government. M.A. thesis, The New School 1956.

Benjamin Franklin

FINDING AIDS

Bridgewater, Dorothy. "Notable Additions to the Franklin Collection." Yale University Library Gazette 20(1945):21-28.
Bell, Whitfield J., Jr. and Murphy D. Smith. Guide to the Archives and Manuscript Collections of the American Philosophical Society. Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society, 1966.
Day, Richard E., ed. Calendar of Sir William Johnson Manuscripts in the New York State Library, Albany. Albany: State of New York, 1909.
De Puy, Henry F. A Bibliography of the English Colonial Treaties With the Indians. New York: Lenox Club, 1917.
Ford, Paul L. Franklin Bibliography: A List of Books Written by or Relating to Benjamin Franklin. [1889]. Boston: Mitford House, 1972.
Franklin, Benjamin. A Register and Index of his Papers in the Library of Congress. Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress Manuscript Division, 1973.
Hayes, I.M., ed. Calendar of the Papers of Benjamin Franklin in the Library of the American Philosophical Society. Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society, 1908.
Lingelbach, William E. "Benjamin Franklin's Papers in the American Philosophical Society," Proceedings. American Philosophical Society 99(1955):359-380.

COLLECTED WORKS

Bigelow, John, ed. The Complete Works of Benjamin Franklin. 10 vols. New York: J.P. Putnam's Sons, 1887-1889.
Jorgenson, Chester E. and Frank L. Mott. Benjamin Franklin: Representative Selections. New York: Hill & Wang, 1962.
Labaree, Leonard and William B. Willcox, eds. The Papers of Benjamin Franklin. 21 vols. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1950-1978.
Sparks, Jared. The Works of Benjamin Franklin. 10 vols. Boston: Tappan & Whittemore, 1840.
Sullivan, James, et. al The Papers of Sir William Johnson. 14 vols. Albany: University of the State of New York, 1921-1965.

PRIMARY SOURCES
Published Primary Sources

_______. "Journal of the Proceedings Held at Albany in 1754." Massachusetts Historical Society Collections 3rd series, Vol. 5:5-74.
_______. "Journal of the Treaty Held at Philadelphia in August, 1775, With the Six Nations by the Commissioners of the Twelve United Colonies." Massachusetts Historical Society Collections 3rd series, Vol. 5:75-100.
_______. Several Conferences Between . . . Quakers . . . and Deputies from the Six Nations. New Castle Upon Tyne, Penn: 1. Thompson & Co., 1756.
_______. An Account of Conferences Held and Treaties Made by Major General Sir William Johnson, Bart, and the Chief Sachems and Warriors of the Six Nations, etc. London: A. Millar, 1756.
Atkinson, Theodore. "Accounts of the Albany Conference of 1754." Ed. by Beverly McAnear. Mississippi Valley Historical Review 39(1953):727-746.
Bartram, John. Observations . . . Made in His Travels from Pensilvania to Onondaga, Oswego and the Lake Ontario. London: no publisher, 1751.
_______. Observations on the Inhabitants . . . and Other Matters . . . Made by Mr. John Bartram, in His Travels from Pensilvania to Onondaga, Oswego and the Lake Ontario, in Canada. London: no publisher, 1753.
Carver, Jonathan. Travels Through the Interior Parts of North America With a Concise History. . . of the Indians. London: no publisher, 1778.
_______. Three Years' Travels Through the Interior Parts of North America in the Years 1766, 1767 and 1768. Philadelphia: Joseph Crukhart, 1792.
Douglass, William. A Summary, Historical and Political, of the British Settlements in North America. 2 vols. London: R.J. Dodsley, 1760.
Farrand, Max. The Records of the Constitutional Convention of 1787. 3 vols. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1911.
Hazard, Samuel, ed. Pennsylvania Archives. Philadelphia: Joseph Severns & Co., 1852.
Hopkins, Stephen A. A True Representation of the Plan Formed at Albany in 1754 for Uniting all the British Northern Colonies. Rhode Island Historical Tracts No 9. Providence: Rhode Island Historical Society, 1880.
Hunter, John Dunn. Memoirs of a Captivity Among the Indians of North America. [1824]. New York: Schocken, 1973.
Kennedy, Archibald. Serious Considerations on the Present State of the Affairs of the Northem Colonies. New York: R. Griffiths, 1754.
_______. The Importance of Gaining and Preserving the Friendship of the Indians to the British Interest Considered. New York: James Parker, 1751.
_______. Serious Advice to the Inhabitants of the Northern Colonies on the Present Situation of Affairs. New York: A. Kennedy, 1755.
Marshe, Witham. Journal of the Treaty Held With the Six Nations by the Commissioners of Maryland and Other Provinces at Lancaster in 1744. Massachusetts Historical Society Collections 1800. Vol. 7:171-201. Boston: Massachusetts Historical Society, 1801.
O'Callaghan, E.B., ed., Documentary History of the State of New York. Albany: Weed, Parsons & Co., 1849. Volume 1.
_______. Documents Relative to the Colonial History of New York. Albany: Weed, Parsons & Co., 1855. Volume 6.
Pennsylvania, State of. Minutes of the Provincial Council of Pennsylvania. Philadelphia: Joseph Severns & Co., 1852.
Pownall, Thomas. Considerations Toward a General Plan of Measures for the English Provinces. New York: Parker & Weyman, 1756.
_______. The Administration of the Colonies. 4th ed. London: J. Walter, 1768.
Tilghman, Tench. Memoir of Lt. Col. Tench Tilghman. [1876]. New York: Arno Press, 1971.
Van Doren, Carl and Julian P. Boyd, eds. Indian Treaties Printed by Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: Pennsylvania Historical Society, 1938.
Van Doren, Carl. Letters and Papers of Benjamin Franklin and Richard Jackson. Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society, 1947.
_______. Benjamin Franklin's Autobiographical Writings. New York: The Viking Press, 1945.
Wraxall Peter. An Abridgement of the Indian Affairs . . . 1678-1751. Ed. by Charles H. McIlwain. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1915.
Unpublished Primary Sources

_______. Account of a Meeting of the Commissioners of Indian Affairs, August 9, 1745. American Philosophical Society.
Atkinson, Theodore. Memo Book of My Journey as One of the Commissioners to the Six Nations, 1754. Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
Croghan, George. "Journal -- April 3 to November 18, 1759." American Philosophical Society.
_______. "Journal Relating to a Meeting With the Indians." American Philosophical Society.
Franklin, Benjamin. "Remarks on the Plan for Regulating the Indian Trade 65-1766." Library of Congress.
_______. "Memorandum of a Conference With the Indians at Carlisle, September 26 1753." American Philosophical Society..
_______. "Talk to the Old Chief." [June 30, 1787]. Library of Congress, Manuscript Division.
_______. "To the Beloved Woman." [June 30, 1787]. Library of Congress, Manuscript Division.
_______. "To Gov. Sevier, from Philadelphia." [June 30, 1787]. Library of Congress, Manuscript Division.
_______. "To the Cornstalk, Cherokee." [June 30, 1787]. Library of Congress, Manuscript Division.
_______. "To Count de Buffon." [November 19, 1787]. Library of Congress, Manuscript Division.
Horsfield, Timothy. [1708-1773, Justice of the Peace, Bethlehem, Pa.] Papers, 1733-1771. 2 vols. American Philosophical Society.
Library of Congress. Colonial Office Records, Group 5. Indian Treaties 1748-1763.
_______. Public Records Office (War office) Collections 34, 38, 39. Sir William Johnson Papers.
Misc. Manuscripts on Indian Affairs 1737-1775. 5 vols. American Philosophical Society.
Wallace, Paul A.W. Benjamin Franklin's Fingerprints. [1953]. American Philosophical Society.
Weiser, Conrad. "Letter to James Logan." [October 15, 1747]. American Philosophical Society.

SECONDARY SOURCES

Published Secondary Sources
ARTICLES AND SHORT MONOGRAPHS

Aldridge, Alfred 0. "Franklin's Letter on Indians and Germans." Proceedings. American Philosophical Society 90:4(1947):391-395.
_______. "Franklin's Deistical Indians." Proceedings. American Philosophical Society 90:4(1947):398-410.
Becker, Carl. "Benjamin Franklin." Dictionary of American Biography. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1931 6:585-598.
Billington, R.A. "The Fort Stanwix Treaty of 1768." New York History 25(1944):182-194.
Eddy, George S. "The Franklin Library." Proceedings. American Antiquarian Society 34(1924):208-226.
Gipson, Lawrence H. "Thomas Hutchinson and the Framing of the Albany Plan of Union of 1754." Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography (1950):5-35.
_______. "The Drafting of the Albany Plan of Union: A Problem in Semantics." Pennsylvania History 26(1959):290-316.
Hallowell, A. Irving. "The Backwash of the Frontier: The Impact of the Indian on American Culture." Edited by Walker D. Lyman and Clifton B. Kroeber. The Frontier in Perspective. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1957.
Hamilton, Milton W. "Myths and Legends of Sir William Johnson." New York History 34(1953):3-26.
McLaughlin, Andrew C. "The Background of American Federalism." American Political Science Review 12(1918):215-240.
Matthews, Lois K. "Benjamin Franklin's Plans for a Colonial Union." American Political Science Review 8(1014):393-412.
Olson, Alson G. "The British Government and Colonial Union 1754." William and Mary Quarterly 3rd series 17(1960):22-23.
Ranney, John C. "The Bases of American Federalism." William and Mary Quarterly 3rd series 3(1946):1-35.
BOOKS AND LONGER MONOGRAPHS

Aldridge, Alfred 0. Benjamin Franklin and Nature's God. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press, 1967.
_______. Benjamin Franklin: Philosopher and Man. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott, 1965.
Beauchamp, William M. The Life of Conrad Weiser. Syracuse: Onondaga County Historical Association, 1925.
Brewster, William. The Pennsylvania and New York Frontier 1720 to 1783. Philadelphia: George S. MacManus Co., 1954.
Buell, Augustus C. Sir William Johnson. New York: Appleton & Co., 1903.
Conner, Paul W. Poor Richard's Politicks: Benjamin Franklin and the New American Order. New York: Oxford University Press, 1965.
Crane, Verner W. Benjamin Franklin: Englishman and American. Providence R.I.: Brown University, 1936.
_______. Benjamin Franklin and a Rising People. Edited by Oscar Handlin. Boston: Little, Brown & Co., 1954.
_______. Benjamin Franklin's Letters to the Press. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press 1950.
Eckert, Allan W. Wilderness Empire: A Narrative. Boston: Little, Brown & Co., 1969.
Eiselen, Malcolm R. Franklin's Political Theories. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, Doran & Co., 1928.
Fox, Edith M. Land Speculation in the Mohawk County. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1949.
Flexner, James T. Mohawk Baronet: Sir William Johnson of New York. New York: Harper & Bros., 1959.
Gipson, Lawrence H. Zones of International Friction: The Great Lakes Frontier, Canada, India 1748-1754. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1942.
Gooch, George P. The History of English Democratic Ideas in the Seventeenth Century. Cambridge, England: The University Press, 1898.
Graeff, Arthur D. Conrad Weiser: Pennsylvania Peacemaker. Allentown, Pa.: German Folklore Society, no date.
Griffis, William E. Sir William Johnson and the Six Nations. New York: Dodd, Mead & Co., 1891.
Hamilton, Milton W. Sir William Johnson: Colonial American 1715-1763. Port Washington, N.Y.: Kennikat Press, 1976.
Henry, Thomas R. Wilderness Messiah: The Story of Hiawatha and the Iroquois. New York: Bonanza Books, 1955.
Howe John R., ed. The Role of Ideology in the American Revolution. New York: Holt, Rinehart, Winston, 1970.
Huntington, Ellsworth. The Red Man's Continent: A Chronicle of Aboriginal America. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1921.
Jacobs, Wilbur. Wilderness Politics and Indian Gifts: The Northern Colonial Frontier 1748-1763. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1950.
Judd, Jacob and Irwin Polisbook, eds. Aspects of Early New York Society and Politics. Tarrytown, N.Y.: Sleepy Hollow Restoration, 1974.
Ketcham, Ralph L., ed. The Political Thought of Benjamin Franklin. New York: Bobbs-Merrill, 1965.
Keys, Alice M. Cadwallader Colden: A Representative Eighteenth Century Official. New York: Columbia University Press, 1906.
Kraus, Michael. The Atlantic Civilization: Eighteenth Century Origins. New York: Russell & Russell, 1949.
Leach, Douglas E. The Northern Colonial Frontier 1607-1763. New York: Holt, Rinehart, Winston 1966.
Merritt, Richard L. Symbols of American Community 1735-1775. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1966.
Newbold, Robert C. The Albany Congress and Plan of Union of 1754. New York: Vantage Press, 1955.
Osgood, Herbert L. The American Colonies in the Eighteenth Century. Gloucester, Mass.: Peter Smith, 1958.
Pearce, Roy Harvey. The Savages of America: A Study of the Indian and the Idea of Civilization. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1965.
Pound, Arthur. Johnson of the Mohawks. New York: Macmillan, 1930.
Richter, Conrad. The Light in the Forest. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1957.
Sanford, Charles L., ed. Benjamin Franklin and the American Character. Boston: D. C. Heath Co., 1955.
Savelle, Max. Seeds of Liberty: The Genesis of the American Mind. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1948.
_______. The Diplomatic History of the Canadian Boundary 1749-1763. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1940.
_______. Empires to Nations: Expansion in America 1713-1824. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1974.
Seymour, Flora W. Lords of the Valley: Sir William Johnson and His Mohawk Brothers. New York: Longman, Green & Co., 1930.
Stourzh, Gerald. Benjamin Franklin and American Foreign Policy. [1954] Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1969.
Thwaites, Reuben G. Early Western Travels 1748-1846. Cleveland: Arthur H. Clarke, 1904. Vol. 1.
Van Doren, Carl. Benjamin Franklin. New York: The Viking Press, 1938.
Volwiler, Albert T. George Croghan and the Western Movement 1741-1782. Cleveland: Arthur H. Clark Co., 1926.
Wainwright, Nicholas B. George Croghan: Wilderness Diplomat. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1959.
Wallace, Paul A. W. Conrad Weiser: Friend of Colonist and Mohawk. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1945.
Walton, Joseph S. Conrad Weiser and the Indian Policy of Pennsylvania. Philadelphia: George H. Jacobs Co., 1900.
Ward, Harry M. Unite or Die: Intercolony Relations 1690-1763. Port Washington, N.Y.: Kennikat Press, 1971.
Zolla, Elemire. The Writer and the Shaman: A Morphology of the American Indian. New York: Harcourt, Brace, Jovanovich.
Unpublished Secondary Sources
THESES AND DISSERTATIONS

Bain, Florence D. The Political Theory of Benjamin Franklin. M.A. thesis, University of Washington, 1927.
Gatke, Robert M. Plans of American Colonial Union 1643-1754. Ph.D. dissertation, American University, 1925.
Graeff, Arthur D. Conrad Weiser -- Interpreter. M.A. thesis, Temple University, 1932.
Maggs, Helen L. Sir William Johnson's Role in the French and Indian War. M.A. thesis, Syracuse University, 1942.
Mathur, Mary E. The Iroquois in Time and Space: A Native American Nationalistic Movement. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Wisconsin, 1971.
Miles, Richard D. The Political Philosophy of Benjamin Franklin. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Michigan, 1948.
Morais, Herbert M. Deism in Eighteenth Century America. Ph.D. dissertation, Columbia University, 1934.

Thomas Jefferson

FINDING AIDS

Hill, Edward E., ed. Preliminary Inventory of the Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs. Washington, D.C.: National Archives, 1965.
Michigan, University of. William L. Clements Library. Thomas Jefferson: 1743-1943; A Guide to Rare Books, Maps and Manuscripts Exhibited at the University of Michigan. Ann Arbor, Mich.: William L. Clements Library,
National Archives. Documents Relating to the Negotiation of Ratified and Unratified Treaties With Various Indian Tribes 1801-1869. Washington D.C.: National Archives, 1965.
_______. Letters Received by the Secretary of War Relating to Indian Affairs 1800-1823. Washington, D.C.: National Archives, 1965.
_______. Letters Sent by the Secretary of War Relating to Indian Affairs 1800-1824. Washington, D.C.: National Archives, 1965.
_______. Misc. Letters Sent by the General Land Office 1796-1889. Washington, D.C.: National Archives, 1965.
_______. Papers of the Continental Congress 1774-1789. Washington, D.C.: National Archives, 1965.
_______. Special Files of the Office of Indian Affairs 1807-1904. Washington, D.C.: National Archives, 1965.
Thurlow, Constance E. and Francis L. Berkeley, eds. The Jefferson Papers of the University of Virginia. Charlottesville, Va.: University of Virginia Library, 1950.
United States of America. Department of State. Calendar of the Correspondence of Thomas Jefferson. 2 vols. Washington, D.C.: Department of State, 1895.
Virginia, University of. Guide to the Manuscript Edition of the Jefferson Papers of the University of Virginia 1732-1828. Charlottesville, Va.: University of Virginia, 1977.

COLLECTED WORKS

Boyd, Julian P., ed. The Papers of Thomas Jefferson. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1950 1974.
Ford, Paul L., ed. The Writings of Thomas Jefferson. New York: J. P. Putnam's Sons, 1892-1899.
Lipscomb, Andrew A. and Albert E. Bergh, eds. The Writings of Thomas Jefferson. Washington, D.C.: Jefferson Memorial Associates, 1903.
Washington, H.A., ed. The Writings of Thomas Jefferson. 9 vols. New York: John C. Riker, 1853-1854.

PRIMARY SOURCES
Published Primary Sources

_______. A Series of Answers to Certain Popular Objections Against Separating from the Rebellious Colonies. Being The Concluding Tract of the Dean of Gloucester on the Subject of American Affairs. Gloucester, England: R. Raikes, 1776.
Black, Nancy B. and Bette S. Weidman. White on Red: Images of the American Indian. Port Washington N.Y.: Kennikat Press, 1976.
Bland, Richard. An Inquiry into the Rights of the British Colonies. Williamsburg, Va.: Appeals Press, 1776.
Cherokee Nation. Constitution and Laws of the Cherokee Nation. Tahlequah, Cherokee Nation: Cherokee Nation Printers, 1852.
Chinard, Gilbert, ed. The Literary Bible of Thomas Jefferson. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1928.
_______. The Correspondence of Thomas Jefferson and du Pont de Nemours. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1931.
_______. The Commonplace Book of Thomas Jefferson: A Repository of his Ideas on Government. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1926.
Council on Interracial Books for Children. Chronicles of American Indian Protest. New York: Council on Interracial Books for Children, 1979.
Foner, Philip S. The Basic Writings of Thomas Jefferson. New York: Willey Book Company, 1944.
Forbes, Jack B. The Indian in America's Past. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice Hall, 1964.
Ford, Worthington C. Some Jefferson Correspondence 1775-1787. Boston: David Clapp & Son, 1902.
Library of Congress. Some Papers Laid Before the Continental Congress 1776, Taken from Volumes 4 Through 6 of the Journals of the Continental Congress Issued by the Library of Congress. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1905.
Mullet, Charles F., ed. "Some Political Writings of James Otis." University of Missouri Studies. 4 July and October, 1929.
Padover, Saul K. Thomas Jefferson on Democracy. New York: Appleton-Century Co., 1939.
Sowerby, E. Millicent, ed. Catalogue of the Library of Thomas Jefferson. 5 vols. Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress, 1952-1959.
Vogel, Virgil J. This Country Was Ours: Documentary History of the American Indian. New York: Harper & Row, 1972.
Washhurn, Wilcomb. The Indian and the White Man. New York: University Press, 1964.
Unpublished Primary Sources

Jefferson, Thomas. "To the Brothers of the Delaware and Shawnee Nations." [Feb. 10, 1801]. Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
_______. "To the Chiefs of the Cherokee Nation." [November 24, 1792]. Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
_______. "To the Chiefs of the Choctaw Nation." [March 13, 1805]. Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
_______. "To the Chiefs of the Creek Nation." [Nov. 1, 1805]. Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
-- . "To the Chiefs of the Shawnees." [Jan 10, 1809]. Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
_______. "To Chickasaw Nation." [March 7, 1805]. Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
_______. "To Choctaw Indians." [Dec. 13, 1807]. Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
_______. "To Choctaw Nation." [Dec. 17, 1807]. Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
_______. "Contents of an Act Concerning Intercourse With the Indian Tribes." [Jan 13, 1793]. Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
_______. "To Cornplanter." [Feb. 11, 1803]. Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
_______. "To Deputies of the Cherokees." [Jan. 9, 1809]. Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
_______. "Extract From a Speech by the Commissioners of the United States to the Chiefs of the Cherokees at Southwest Point." [Sept. 4, 1801]. Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
_______. "To Handsome Lake." [Feb. 12, 1803]. Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
_______. "To Indian Affairs Commissioners." [Sept. 16, 1801]. Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
_______. "To My Children, Chiefs of the Upper Cherokees." [May 4, 1808]. Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
_______. "To My Friends and Children, Chiefs of the Foxes, Sacs. . . ." [No date]. Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
_______. "To My Friends and Children, Chiefs of the Cherokee Nation." [Jan. 10, 1806]. Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
_______. "Report of the Secretary of State on Chickasaw and Cherokee Lands." [Feb. 16, 1793]. Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
_______. "To Shawnee Indian Nation." [Feb. 19, 1807]. Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
_______. "A Short Narration of My Last Journey to the Western Country." [1792]. Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.

SECONDARY SOURCES

Published Secondary Sources
ARTICLES AND SHORT MONOGRAPHS

Bailyn, Bernard. "Political Experience and Enlightenment Ideas in Eighteenth Century America." American Historical Review 62(1962):339-351.
Conway, Moncure D. The Life of Thomas Paine. 2 vols. New York: J.P. Putnam's Sons, 1908.
Doriman, Joseph. "The Economic Philosophy of Thomas Jefferson." Political Science Quarterly 55(1940):98-121.
Dumbauld, Edward. The Declaration of Independence and What it Means Today. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1950.
Eckert, Allan W. Wilderness Empire: A Narrative. Boston: Little, Brown & Co., 1969.
Edwards, Samuel, REBEL: A Biography of Tom Paine. New York: Praeger, 1974.
Ganter, Herbert L. "Jefferson's Pursuit of Happiness and Some Forgotten Men." 3rd series 16(July, 1936):422-434; Part 2: 3rd series 16(0ctober, 1936):558-585.
Gipson, Lawrence H. The Coming of the Revolution 1763-1775. New York: Harper & Bros., 1954.
Graymont, Barbara. The Iroquois in the American Revolution. Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 1972.
Grinde, Donald A., Jr. The Iroquois and the Founding of the American Nation. San Francisco: Indian Historian Press, 1977.
Hagan, William T. Longhouse Diplomacy and Frontier Warfare: The Iroquois Confederacy in the American Revolution. Albany: New York State American Revolution Bicentennial Commission, 1976.
Harmon, George D. Sixty Years of Indian Affairs 1789-1850. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1941.
Hawke, David F. Paine. New York: Harper & Row, 1974.
Howe, John R., Jr. The Role of Ideology in the American Revolution. New York: Holt, Rinehart, Winston, 1970.
Huntington, Ellsworth. The Red Man's Continent: A Chronicle of Aboriginal America. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1921.
Jacob, John J. "A Biographical Sketch of Captain Michael Cresap." Parsons, W. Va.: McClain Printing Co., 1971.
Jefferson, Thomas. "Shickellamy and His Son Logan." American Scenic and Historical Preservation Society 21st Annual Report. [1916]. Appendix D: 599-611.
Jensen, Merrill. The Articles of Confederation: An Interpretation of the Social Constitutional History of the American Revolution, 1774-1781. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1940.
Kimball, Marie. Jefferson The Road to Glory. New York: Coward-McCann, 1943.
Persinger, C.E. "The Political Philosophy of Thomas Paine." University of Nebraska Graduate Bulletin C. Series 6(1901):54-74.
Red Jacket. "A Long-Lost Speech of Red Jacket." Edited by John W. Sanborn. Friendship, N.W.: J. W. Sanborn, 1912.
_______. Jefferson, Nationalism and the Enlightenment. New York: George Braziller, 1975.
Steele, Oliver G. "Red Jacket and His Portrait." Publications of the Buffalo Historical Society 2(1880):216-226.
Sullivan, James. "The Antecedents of the Declaration of Independence." American Historical Association Annual Report. [1902]. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1903.
BOOKS AND LONGER MONOGRAPHS

Beard, Charles A. Economic Origins of Jeffersonian Democracy. New York: Macmillan, 1927.
Becker, Carl. The Declaration of Independence: A Study in the History uf Political Ideas. New York: Peter Smith, 1940.
Berkhofer, Robert F. The White Man's Indian: Images of the American Indian from Columbus to the Present. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1978.
Bowers, Claude G. The Young Jefferson 1743-1789. Cambridge, Mass.: Houghton-Mifflin, 1945.
Boyd, Julian P. The Declaration of Independence: Evolution of the Text. . . . Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress. 1943.
Brodie, Fawn M. Thomas Jefferson: An Intimate History. New York: W. W. Norton, 1974.
Brown, John P. Old Frontier: Story of the Cherokee Indians from Earliest Times to the Date of Their Removal in 1838. Kingsport, Tenn.: Southern Publishing, 1938.
Chinard, Gilbert. Thomas Jefferson: The Apostle of Americanism. Boston: Little, Brown & Co., 1939.
Colbourn, H. Trevor. The Lamp of Experience: Whig History and the Intellectual Origins of the American Revolution. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1965.
Commager, Henry S. The Empire of Reason: How Europe Imagined and America Realized the Enlightenment. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1977.
Jones, Howard. Tah-jah-jute, or Logan, the Mingo Chief. . . . Circleville, Ohio: No publisher, 1937.
Koch, Adrienne. The American Enlightenment The Shaping of the American Experiment and a Free Society. New York: George Braziller, 1965.
_______. Power, Morals and the Founding Fathers: Essays in the Interpretation of the American Enlightenment. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1961.
_______., and William Peden, eds. The Life and Selected Writings of Thomas Jefferson. New York: The Modern Library/Random House, 1944.
_______. The Philosophy of Thomas Jefferson. Gloucester, Mass.: Peter Smith, 1957.
Lynd, Staughton. The Intellectual Origins of American Radicalism. New York: Pantheon, 1968.
McIlwain, Charles H. The American Revolution: A Constitutional Interpretation. New York: Macmillan, 1924.
Malone, Dumas. Jefferson and his Time. 4 vols. Boston: Little, Brown & Co., 1948-1974.
May, Henry F. The Enlightenment in America. New York: Oxford University Press, 1976.
Milling, Chapman J. Red Carolinians. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1940
Morgan, Edmund S. The Birth of the Republic 1763-1789. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1956.
Mullet, Charles F. Fundamental Law and the American Revolution 1760-1776. New York: Octagon Books, 1966.
Palmer, R. R. The Age of Democratic Revolution: A Political History of Europe and America. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1959.
Pearce, Roy H. The Savages of America: A Study of the Indian and the Idea of Civilization. Baltimore: John Hopkins University Press, 1965.
Ritchie, David G. Natural Rights: A Criticism of Some Political and Ethical Conceptions. New York: Macmillan, 1895.
Rossiter, Clinton. The Political Thought of the American Revolution. New York: Harcourt, Brace, World, 1953.
Royce, Charles C. The Cherokee Nation of Indians. Chicago: Aldine Publishing Co., 1975.
Sanford, Charles. The Quest for Paradise: Europe and the American Moral Imagination. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1961.
Sheehan, Bernhard. Seeds of Extinction: Jeffersonian Philanthropy and the American Indian. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1973.
Skeen, Carl E. Jefferson and the West 1798-1808. Columbus, Ohio: Ohio State Museum, 1960.
Straus, Oscar S. The Origins of the Republican Form of Government in the United States. New York: Houghton-Mifflin, 1911.
Van Doren, Carl. The Story of the Making and Ratifying of the Constitution of the United States. New York: The Viking Press, 1948.
Wain, John, ed. An Edmund Wilson Celebration. Oxford, England: Phaidon Press Ltd., 1978.
Washburn, Wilcomb E. The Indian in America. New York: Harper & Row, 1975.
Watson, Thomas E. The Life and Times of Thomas Jefferson. New York: D. Appleton & Co., 1908.
Wills, Gary. Inventing America: Jefferson's Declaration of Independence. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1978.
Wiltse, Charles M. The Jeffersonian Tradition in American Democracy. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1935.
Wright, Benjamin F. American Interpretations of Natural Law: A Study in the History of Political Thought. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1931.
Wright, Edmond, ed. Causes and Consequences of the American Revolution. Chicago: Quadrangle Books, 1966.
Zolla, Elemire. The Writer and the Shaman: A Morphology of the American Indian. New York: Harcourt, Brace, Jovanovich, 1973.
Unpublished Secondary Sources
THESES AND DISSERTATIONS

Dai, Shen Yu. The Democratic Philosophies of Thomas Jefferson and Mencius. M.A. thesis, University of Washington, 1949.
Hatch, Ethel S. Tom Paine's Contribution to Democracy. M.A. thesis, University of Washington, 1918.
King, Arnold K. Thomas Paine in America 1774-1787. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Chicago, 1951.
Morais, Herbert M. Deism in Eighteenth Century America. Ph.D. dissertation, Columbia University, 1934.

Afterword

Barnett, H. G. Innovation: The Basis of Cultural Change. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1953.
Berkhofer, Robert F., Jr. The White Man's Indian: Images of the American Indian from Columbus to the Present. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1978.
Brodie, Fawn M. Thomas Jefferson: An Intimate History. New York: W. W. Norton & Co., 1974.
Bryson, Lyman. The Communication of Ideas. New York: Harper & Bros., 1948.
Engels, Frederich. "The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State." Marx and Engels, Selected Works. New York: International Publishers, 1968.
Gipson, Lawrence H. The Coming of the Revolution 1763-1775. New York: Harper & Bros., 1954.
Hallowell, A. Irving. "The Backwash of the Frontier: The Impact of the American Indian on American Culture." Edited by Walker D. Wyman and Clifton B. Kroeber. The Frontier in Perspective. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1957.
Koch, Adrienne. The American Enlightenment The Shaping of the American Experiment and a Free Society. New York: George Braziller, 1965.
_______. The Philosophy of Thomas Jefferson. Gloucester, Mass.: Peter Smith, 1957.
Kraus, Michael. The Atlantic Civilization: Eighteenth Century Origins. New York: Russell & Russell, 1949.
Lynd, Staughton. The Intellectual Origins of American Radicalism. New York: Pantheon, 1968.
Morgan, Lewis Henry. Ancient Society. New York: Henry Holt, 1877.
Mullet, Charles F. Fundamental Law and the American Revolution 1760-1776. New York: Octagon Books, 1966.
Palmer, R.R. The Age of Democratic Revolution: A Political History of Europe and America 1760-1800. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1959.
Pearce, Roy H. The Savages of America: A Study of the Indian and the Idea of Civilization. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1965.
Prosser, Michael H., ed. Intercommunication Among Nations and Peoples. New York: Harper and Row, 1973.
Rabinowitz, Richard. "At Jefferson's Feet." The Nation, March 31, 1979 pp. 342-344.
Sanford, Charles. The Quest for Paradise: Europe and the American Moral Imagination. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1961.
Sullivan, James. "The Antecedents of the Declaration of Independence." American Historical Association Annual Report. [1902]. 2 vols. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, (1903)1:65-86.
Turner, Frederick J. The Frontier in American History. [1920]. New York: Henry Holt & Co., 1947.
Wallace, Paul A. W. Conrad Weiser: Friend of Colonist and Mohawk. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1945.
Wright, Benjamin F. American Interpretations of Natural Law: A Study in the History of Political Thought. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1931.
Zikmund, Joseph. The Peloponnesian League and the Iroquois Confederacy: A Comparative Study of Two Interstate Organizations. Ph.D. dissertation, Chicago University, 1950.

I N D E X

of names cited in the

B I B L I O G R A P H Y

[The index has been included verbatim from the original book. Although page numbers have no meaning here, it was felt the subjects noted here would be useful as reference. The original chapter page numbers are listed below to facilitate cross-referencing --ratitor]


      General Background                              129

      The Iroquois and Early Colonial Contact         131
 
      Benjamin Franklin                               137

      Thomas Jefferson                                142

      Afterword                                       148

Ackernecht, Edwin H., 129
Aldridge, Alfred 0., 139, 140
Aquilla, Richard, 136
Armstrong, Virginia, 130
Atkinson, Theodore, 139
Bailyn, Bernard, 145
Bain, Florence D., 142
Barnett, H. G., 148
Bartram, John, 132, 138
Bauman, Robert F., 133
Beard, Charles A., 146
Beauchamp, William M., 133, 134, 140
Becker, Carl, 140, 146
Bell, Whitfield J. Jr., 137
Berkhofer, Robert F., 130, 146, 148
Bigelow, John, 137
Billington, R. A. 140
Black, Nancy B., 143
Blanchard, Rulus, 134
Bland, Richard, 143
Blau, Harold, 133
Bohannan, Paul, 130
Bowers, Claude G., 146
Boyd, Julian P., 143, 146
Bramson, Emily K., 130
Brandon, William, 129
Brewster, William, 140
Bridge, Beatrice, M., 136
Bridgewater, Dorothy, 137
Brodhead, John R., 134
Brodie, Fawn M., 148
Brown, Jessie Louise P., 131
Brown, John P., 146
Bryson, Lyman, 148
Buell, Augustus C., 140
Carr, Lucien, 134
Carse, Mary R., 133
Carter, E. Russell, 130
Carver, Jonathan, 138
Chamberlin, J. E., 130
Chinard, Gilbert, 143, 146
Clarke-Smith, Linda, 136
Clingan, Dorothy E., 136
Cohen, Felix, 129
Cohen, Lucy Kramer, 130
Cohen, Morris R., 130
Colbourn, H. Trevor, 146
Colden, Cadwallader, 132
Commager, Henry Steele, 146
Conner, Paul W., 140
Conway, Moncure D., 145
Coogan, John E., 136
Cook, S. F., 129
Crane, Verner W., 140
Croghan, George, 139
Crosby, Alfred W., 130
Cusick, David, 132
Dai, Shen Yu, 148
Day, Richard E., 137
Decker, George P., 134
DePuy, Henry F., 137
Dockstader, Frederick J., 131
Donohue Thomas, 134
Dorfman Joseph, 145
Douglass William, 138
Dumbauid, Edward, 145
Eckert, Alan W., 145
Eddy, George S., 140
Edwards, Everett E., 129
Edwards, Samuel, 145
Eiselen, Malcolm R., 140
Engels, Frederich, 148
Ewers, John C., 129
Fadden, Ray, 133, 135
Farrand, Max, 138
Fenton, William N., 129, 131, 132, 134, 135
Fife, Austin, E., 129
Flexner, James T., 140
Foley, Dennis, 136
Forbes, Jack, 130, 144
Ford, Paul L., 137, 143
Ford, Worthington C., 144
Foner, Philip S., 144
Fox, Edith M., 140
Frachtenberg, Leo J., 129
Franklin, Benjamin, 137, 139
Freeman, John F., 129, 131
Ganter, Herbert L., 145
Gatke, Robert M., 142
Grken, Walter D., 136
Gibson, A. M., 129
Gillespie, James, E., 130
Gipson, Lawrence H., 140, 141, 145, 148
Gooch, Gorge P. 141
Graeff, Arthur D. 141, 142
Graymont, Barbara, 145
Griffis, William E., 141
Grinde, Donald A. Jr., 145
Hagan, William T., 145
Hale, Horatio E., 135
Hallowell, A. Irving, 130, 140, 148
Hamilton, Milton W., 140, 141
Hanke, Lewis, 130
Harmon, Gorge D., 145
Hatch, Ethel S., 148
Hawke, David F., 145
Hayes, Carlton, J. H., 130, 134
Hayes, I. M., 137
Hazard, Samuel, 138
Heckewelder, John, 132
Henry, Thomas R., 141
Hewitt, J. N. B., 133
Hill, Edward E., 142
Hofstadter, Richard, 130
Hopkins, Stephen A., 138
Horsfield, Timothy, 139
Howard, Helen A., 134
Howe, John R. Jr., 141, 145
Hunter, John Dunn, 138
Huntington, Ellsworth, 141, 146
Jacob, John J., 146
Jacobs, Wilbur R., 134, 141
Jaffee, Herman J., 136
James, Gorge W., 131
Jefferson, Thomas, 144, 146
Jennings, Francis, 135
Jensen, Merrill, 146
Johansen, Bruce E., 131
Johnson, Anna C., 135
Johnston, Charles M., 132
Jones, Howard, 146
Jorgenson, Chester E., 137
Judd, Jacob, 141
Kennedy, Archibald, 138
Ketcham, Ralph L., 141
Keys, Alice M., 141
Kimball, Marie, 146
Kimm, Silas C., 135
King, Amold K., 148
Klein, Milton, 135
Koch, Adrienne, 146, 147, 148
Kramer, Frank R., 131
Kramer, Lucy W., 130
Kraus, Michael, 141, 148
Kriegal, Leonard, 137
Labaree, Leonard, 137
Larrabee, Edward M., 130
Leach, Douglas E., 141
Leder Lawrence H., 132, 135
Lingeibach, William E., 137
Lips, Julian, 131
Lipscomb, Andrew A., 143
Locke, Alain, 131
Lynd, Staughton, 147, 148
Mcllwain, Charles H., 147
McLaughlin, Andrew C., 140
MacLeod, William C., 136
Maestas, Roberto, 131
Maggs, Helen L., 142
Malone, Dumas, 147
Marsden, Michael T., 135
Marshe, Witham, 138
Mathur, Mary E., 142
Matthews, Lois K., 140
May, Henry F., 147
Merritt, Richard L., 141
Miles, Richard D., 142
Miller, Walter, B., 130
Milling, Chapman J., 147
Morais, Herbert M., 142, 148
Morey, Sylvester M., 130
Morgan, Edmund S., 135
Morgan, Lewis Henry, 132, 148
Morgan, William T., 134
Moultrop, Samuel P., 135
Mullet, Charles F., 144, 147, 148
Newbold, Robert C., 141
Newell, William B., 136
Newhouse, Seth, 133
Noon, John A., 136
O'CaDaghan, E. B., 138
Olson, Alson G., 140
Osgood, Herbert L., 141
Padover, Saul K., 144
Palmer, R. R., 147, 149
Parker, Arthur C., 133, 135
Pearce, Roy Harvey, 147, 149
Persinger, C. E., 146
Pound Arthur, 141
Pownail, Thomas, 138
Preska, Margaret R., 136
Proctor, Thomas, 132
Prosser, Michael H., 149
Pruca, Francis Paul, 131
Quimby, Gorge Irving, 131
Rabinowitz, Richard, 149
Ranney, John C., 140
Reaman, G. Elmore, 135
Red Jacket, 146
Reynolds, Wynn R., 136
Richards, Cara E., 136
Richter, Conrad, 141
Ritchie, David G., 147
Ritchie, William A., 135
Root Elibu, 134
Rossiter, Clinton, 147
Royce, Charles C., 147
Ruttenber, E. M., 135
Safford, William E. 130
Sanford, Charles, L., 141, 147, 148
Saum, Lewis 0., 131
Savelle, Max 141
Schlesinger, Arthur M., 134
Schoolcraft, Henry R., 132, 133
Seymour, Flora W., 141
Shea, J.G., 133
Sheehan, Bernhard, 131, 147
Sherman, Daniel, 134
Skeen, Carl E., 147
Smith, William Jr., 133
Snowden, James R., 133
Snyderman, Gorge S., 131
Sowerby, E. Millicent, 144
Sparks, Jared, 137
Speck, Frank G., 134
Steele, Oliver G., 146
Stirling, Matthew W., 130
Stourzh, Grald, 141
Straus, Oscar S., 147
Strickland, Edward D., 135
Sullivan, James, 137, 146, 149
Thurlow, Constance E., 143
Thwaites, Reuben, G., 142
Tilgham, Tench, 138
Tooker, Elizabeth, 134, 135
Trelease, Allen W., 135
Turner, Frederick J., 149
Udall Stewart L., 130
Underhill, Ruth M., 135
Van Doren, Carl, 138, 139, 142, 149
Vanderwerth, W., 135
Vogel, Virgil J., 131, 144
Volwiler, Albert T., 142
Wain, John, 147
Wainwright, Nicholas B., 142
Wallace, Paul A. W., 134, 136, 139, 142, 149
Walsh, Joseph, 136
Walton, Joseph S., 142
Ward, Harry M., 142
Wardy, Ben Z., 136
Washburn, Wilcomb E., 144, 147
Washington, H. A., 143
Watson, Thomas E., 147
Weiser, Conrad, 133, 139
Wills, Gary, 147
Wilson, Edmund, 131
Wiltse, Charles M., 147
Wintemberg, William J., 134
Wissler, Clark, 136
Wraxall, Peter, 139
Wright, Benjamin F., 148, 149
Wright, Edmond, 148
Wright, Lewis B., 131
Wroth, Lawrence C., 134
Yawser, Rose N., 131
Zikmund, Joseph, 149
Zolla, Elemire, 131, 142, 148